Introduction: Over the past decades, significant advancements have been made in understanding oral wound healing mechanisms, which are increasingly being integrated into clinical practice. Tooth extraction remains one of the most common procedures in dental practice, underscoring the need for continued investigation into strategies that promote optimal regeneration of both soft and hard oral tissues. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is a water-soluble micronutrient essential for physiological functions, including collagen synthesis and immune modulation, both critical for efficient wound healing. Unlike most animals, humans are unable to endogenously synthesize vitamin C due to the absence of the enzyme L-gulonolactone oxidase, and therefore require its dietary intake. In post-extraction care, vitamin C supplementation may serve as a valuable adjunct to conventional dental management, offering a readily accessible means of enhancing tissue repair and improving clinical outcomes. Aim: This study aimed to assess the role of vitamin C in tissue regeneration, focusing on alveolar socket healing following tooth extraction. We performed a review of scientific literature addressing the impact of vitamin C on wound healing and bone regeneration processes to provide evidence-based recommendations for its application in dental practice. Materials and methods: The data presented in this study were derived from peer-reviewed scientific publications available in the PubMed database. The analysed studies spanned various countries and included populations diverse in age, geography, and socioeconomic status. Conclusions: Vitamin C promotes alveolus healing post-tooth extraction by accelerating tissue regeneration, reducing inflammation, and alleviating pain. Supplementation with doses of 600–2000 mg/day, as well as local application (including nanotechnology and submucosal injections), enhances healing and reduces the risk of alveolar osteitis. Vitamin C therapy can complement standard post-extraction care, especially in patients with impaired healing.