The armed conflict in Ukraine, ongoing since 2014 and escalating in 2022, represents one of the most serious challenges to the international order since the end of the Cold War. Its protracted nature and intensity have led to severe geopolitical, economic, humanitarian, and health-related consequences. This paper analyses Russia’s accountability for war crimes in the context of international humanitarian law, highlighting the challenges related to enforcing accountability before international tribunals. It also presents the differing approaches of European Union member states to the conflict, stemming from varying perceptions of their relations with Russia, the United States, and China, as well as the war’s impact on European security and transatlantic cooperation. From a socio-economic perspective, the conflict has resulted in regional recession, an energy crisis, disruption of supply chains, and mass refugee migration, particularly to Poland. Special attention is also given to the long-term health consequences for victims of military operations, including physical injuries and the burden placed on healthcare systems. The article constitutes an attempt at a multifaceted assessment of the conflict and its implications for the future of the international order.