The latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap has recently been increasingly used in breast reconstruction after mastectomy. The technique utilises the latissimus dorsi muscle with an island skin flap and adipose tissue to create full-thickness tissue coverage and achieve increased volume for the reconstructed breast. By combining this method with prosthetic devices, such as implants or tissue expanders, satisfactory outcomes can be achieved. This paper presents a literature review on the transplantation of the latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap and describes a case of a 43-year-old patient who underwent reconstruction using a latissimus dorsi muscle flap after previous cancer treatment. The patient had previously undergone mastectomy with simultaneous breast reconstruction using implants. The procedure was complicated by implant site infection, necessitating implant removal. Breast reconstruction using the latissimus dorsi flap was combined with a tissue expander for subsequent replacement with an implant. The presented case suggests that the latissimus dorsi flap can be an effective and safe method of breast reconstruction after mastectomy in situations where less advanced reconstruction techniques fail.