Introduction and objective: Pathomorphological examination is one of the main pillars of cancer diagnosis, and the information obtained is important for making treatment decisions. Imprint cytology is a type of pathomorphological examination, where cells are obtained by moving a glass slide over a fresh cross-section of the tissue being examined, such as a cross-section of a tumour or a lymph node. The main objective of the paper was to investigate whether imprint cytology can be an alternative to intraoperative frozen section analysis. Materials and methods: The results of imprint cytology and intraoperative frozen sections performed in the Department of Thoracic Surgery General and Oncological Surgery at the Military Medical Academy Hospital in Łódź between 2020 and 2023 were analysed and compared with the final histopathological examination. A group of 58 patients undergoing elective surgery for malignant tumours of the lung, mediastinum, colon, stomach and gallbladder was included in the study. Results: Both frozen section analysis and imprint cytology showed 97% concordance with final histopathology. Imprint cytology yielded a false-negative result in two cases, with a malignant neoplasm confirmed in frozen section and the final histopathological examination. In two cases, a small-cell malignant neoplasm was diagnosed with imprint cytology, which was later confirmed in the final examination, while frozen section yielded a result inconsistent with the routine examination. Conclusions: Imprint cytology is a reliable method that can be used to accelerate the diagnosis of cancer. When intraoperative examination is not possible, imprint cytology allows for obtaining a rapid diagnosis, while at the same time the specimen taken does not have to be immediately transported to the pathomorphology department.