Sarcopenia is defined as a state with progressive and generalized loss of muscle mass and strength, with an increased risk of adverse events such as impaired physical activity often requiring assistance. It also leads to falls, worsening the quality of life, and increased mortality. Sarcopenia is one of the complications occurring in patients with chronic kidney disease which significantly worsens their prognosis. The causes of sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease are numerous and include intensified subclinical inflammatory state, hormonal and metabolic disturbances. Early diagnosis of sarcopenia or risk of sarcopenia development in chronic kidney disease would allow for earlier implementation of lifestyle changes and therapeutic procedures aimed at preventing muscle mass and strength loss, or, in the case of already diagnosed sarcopenia, slowing its progression. Studies involving patients with chronic kidney disease are needed to enable a detailed understanding of the mechanisms of sarcopenia in this group of patients, as well as the identification of new markers of sarcopenia. The paper presents the project titled ”The role of microRNAs as biomarkers of sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease patients” which has been submitted to the MINIATURA 7 competition organized by the National Science Centre and has been positively evaluated, obtaining the registration number 2023/07/X/NZ5/00637. The study will be conducted at the Department of Internal Diseases, Nephrology and Dialysis, Military Institute of Medicine – National Research Institute, Poland. The aims and methodology of the study have been presented.