Aim. The article presents the characteristics of environmental risk factors and health problems in the personnel of the Polish Military Contingent deployed on Operation Inherent Resolve in Kuwait. Material and methods. The retrospective analysis was based on the epidemiology databases (GIDEON, ProMED‑mail) and medical records of soldiers and employees of the Polish Ministry of National Defense (n = 120–130) who had been performing mandated tasks during four, 6‑month rotations of the contingents between 2016 and 2018. Results. The intensity indexes of PMC OIR Kuwait were 43–46 cases/100 patients/month. The most common health problems in the analyzed group included upper respiratory tract infections, acute gastrointestinal disorders, dermatoses, and musculoskeletal injures sustained on duty or resulting from sports activities. Conclusions. Health problems occurring in PMC personnel were connected with the effects of environmental conditions and neglecting of the health prophylaxis rules.