Introduction: Dentistry, which encompasses preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic care, plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of soldiers. In the context of military service, where physical and psychological demands are exceptionally high, maintaining oral health is essential not only for the comfort of soldiers but also for preserving their operational performance. Oral health problems can adversely affect operational efficiency; therefore, military dental care should further include preventive measures and early detection of any abnormalities. Polish soldiers receive specialized dental care, including routine check-ups, conservative treatment, and surgical procedures, particularly those specialized. Objective: The aim of this literature review was to raise awareness of the current oral health needs among soldiers and the necessity of adapting dental practices to meet their specific needs. Materials and methods: A review of scientific reports was conducted using the PubMed database, taking into account the impact of military conditions on oral health. Conclusions: Dentistry plays a key role in maintaining soldiers’ health. It influences their combat, as well as physical and mental readiness. Oral health issues such as cavities, infections, or injuries can compromise physical performance, concentration, and even morale. In Poland, soldiers have access to comprehensive dental care, including diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Stress, mental disorders, and addictions can further deteriorate oral health. In wartime situations, access to dental services is limited, making preventive measures and the development of mobile dental units crucial.